Tappah-i Grātziyānī, Sīstān, Īrān: lāyahʹnigārī, farāyand-i shiklʹgīrī va gāhnigārī az maḥavvaṭah-i aqmārī-i Shahr-i Sūkhtah

This study examines the stratigraphy, formation processes and chronology of Tappah-i Grātziyānī, a satellite settlement of Shahr-i Sūkhtah in the Sistan plain of southeastern Iran. It brings together early Italian archaeological surveys and more recent excavations to reconstruct the development of the site and its place within a wider Bronze Age settlement landscape. The chapters consider excavation contexts, ceramic sequences, relative chronology and radiocarbon dates, alongside small finds, specialised artefacts and animal remains. These different bodies of evidence provide complementary approaches to occupation, building activity and the ordering of successive phases. Photographs, maps, tables and illustrations accompany the discussion, and a bibliography supports further investigation. The Persian translation makes this collaborative research accessible to readers interested in the archaeology of Sistan, settlement formation and the material culture of early urban communities.