Paydāyish-i mafāhīm-i Islām-i siyāsī dar Īrān-i muʻāṣir (1320-1357)

This study by Ārash Ṣafarī traces the emergence of concepts that shaped the mentality, political action, and social imagination of Islamists in Īrān between 1320 and 1357 (1941-1978), concepts whose formulation gave rise to the currents of political Islam. The author narrates this conceptual construction through three confrontations. The first is religion's encounter with materialism and Marxism, producing concepts such as the Islamic worldview, the school of Tawḥīd, and the classless Tawḥīdī society, leaving a visible imprint of Marxist thought on Islamic leftist discourse. The second is the Islamists' confrontation with Bahāʼism, Aḥmad Kasravī's Pāk-Dīnī movement, and Muslim traditionalists, producing ideological readings of Qurʼanic verses and Shīʻī history. The third is the encounter between religion and state over law, economy, and culture, generating debates on Islamic economics, art and literature, and the image of the militant Muslim woman.