Naqsh va ḥuqūq-i siyāsī, ijtimāʻī va iqtiṣādī-i zanān dar ʻaṣr-i Nāṣirī va Muẓaffarī

This study explores the social life of Iranian women on the eve of the Mashrūṭah, focusing on the Nāsirī and Muẓaffarī reigns, to clarify the elements, demands and rights that later animated women’s public presence. Using first-hand sources and a historical approach, it reconstructs everyday experience across the social spectrum—from elite households to the poorest strata—then considers how rights were conceived and constrained. The analysis links the surge, under the Constitution, in women’s associations and newspapers to long-standing frustrations with seclusion and exclusion from civic life. By tracing routines, gatherings and arenas of limited agency, the book shows how domestic and public spheres intersected, and why claims to education, work and participation gained urgency. It offers a grounded portrait of women’s aspirations and the structures that shaped them, setting the stage for their more visible activism in the early twentieth century.